About
A free weekly collection of criminal law links - for practitioners, law students, and anyone with an interest in the criminal justice system of England and Wales.
Curated by Sam Willis, a barrister at 5 King's Bench Walk.
News
Jury Trial Sites
As of 29 October there are 234 main jury courtrooms available, supported by 10 jury courtrooms in Nightingale Courts and 4 jury courtrooms in other existing HMCTS court accommodation. We understand from HMCTS that this figure has since increased to 242, and they expect the remaining enabling works to be completed over the weekend in order to meet their target of 250 jury enabled courtrooms by the beginning of November...
Following rigorous health and safety assessments, King’s Lynn Crown Court will restart jury trials next week, bringing the total to 78.
'Courts backlog tipping point for justice system'
The number of criminal cases waiting to be dealt with by Crown Courts threatens to overwhelm the justice system in England and Wales, a study suggests. A backlog in the courts hearing the most serious cases could be 195,000 by 2024 without action, says crime and justice consultancy Crest Advisory. It says longer sittings and new courts are needed to tackle the problem, which has worsened during the Covid pandemic. The Ministry of Justice said the study was based on "extreme assumptions". The authors of the study say it is a reasonable worst case scenario but there is a "catastrophic risk to public confidence, and effective enforcement of the law".
The report can be found here.
'Legal aid services are on brink of collapse, lawyers tell MPs'
Legal aid services are on the brink of collapse due to successive cuts and the disruption wreaked by Covid-19, say lawyers. At the opening of an investigation, organised by MPs at Westminster, into the sustainability of legal aid, there were calls for urgent government investment in the underfunded legal aid system. Miscarriages of justice are likely and many solicitors doing criminal work cannot earn a living out of the profession, two Conservative MPs told the independent inquiry on Thursday...
The most severe problems are among criminal specialists. Crown court trials are now being listed as far ahead as late 2022 due to the growing backlog caused by courts not being able to function at full capacity during the pandemic. Even before lockdown, the Ministry of Justice’s attempts to save funds by reducing the number of judges’ sitting days made practice increasingly difficult for legal aid firms.
'The CPS is working hard to improve prosecution rates across the country'
A recent article on The Guardian titled ‘Convictions for rapes in London less likely than in 2015, research shows’ has raised concerns about falling convictions in rape and sexual offence cases in London, despite a rise in reports. The CPS shares the concern about the fall in prosecutions, which is why we have already launched a programme of work to improve prosecution rates and volumes for rape and serious sexual offences across the country - it is also important to note that conviction rates of cases prosecuted have increased...
Working to narrow the gap between the number of rape and serious sexual offences reported and cases going to court continues to be a major focus for the CPS in London and across the country. The work London has been doing with the police is now resulting in an increase in the number of cases being referred to us for a charging decision. We are confident that our joint working with police and partners will bring the improvements we all want to see, but the impact of these actions will take time to be seen.
'Prolific drug users will no longer face prosecution' (£££)
Heroin, cocaine and cannabis users will be exempt from prosecution for repeated offences under a new police scheme that signals the creeping decriminalisation of drug use. Prolific users can avoid a criminal record as long as they agree to a diversion programme that includes rehabilitation, under the West Midlands pilot scheme. Adult and teenage users will continue to avoid arrest and prosecution, even if they are repeatedly caught with small amounts of drugs, provided that they stay engaged with the scheme...
Cases
R v Hodgin [2020] EWCA Crim 1388
On 13th February 2020 in the Crown Court at Chester the appellant was sentenced by His Honour Judge Woodward to a term of 6 years 9 months' imprisonment, having pleaded guilty to a very serious offence of conspiracy to commit burglary. He was afforded credit of 25% for his guilty plea which had been entered some 10 weeks earlier at the plea and trial preparation hearing (PTPH) on 6th December. The sole ground of appeal is that the appellant should have been afforded full credit of one-third for indicating in the magistrates' court, when he was sent for trial, that it was a "likely guilty plea". Was that an "indication of a plea of guilty" entitling him to full credit of one-third pursuant to the guideline?...
Conclusion: "Likely guilty plea" is not a sufficient indication. We agree that these cases establish that in order to receive full credit of one-third pursuant to the guideline, where at the magistrates' court it is not procedurally possible for a defendant to enter a guilty plea, there must be an unequivocal indication of the defendant's intention to plead guilty. An indication only that he is likely to plead guilty is not enough... For the reasons we have explained, Hewison turned on its own particular facts, and must not be relied upon as authority for the proposition, specifically rejected in the cases of Davids, Khan and Handley, that an indication "likely guilty plea" will attract full credit of one-third. It will not.
Other
DJ Vacancies
District Judges (Magistrates' Courts) are salaried members of the judiciary who hear cases in magistrates’ courts. They have a national jurisdiction throughout England and Wales. They are appointed by Her Majesty the Queen and have the authority to sit at any magistrates' court in England and Wales.
Launch date: 1pm on 27 October 2020, Closing date: 1pm on 10 November 2020, Number of immediate vacancies: 25
'The Nightingale Court at The Lowry Theatre'
His Honour Judge John Potter shares his experience of re-starting jury trials at The Lowry Theatre in Manchester which has been transformed into a Nightingale Court.
'Nightingale Courts in Liverpool and Winchester'
Two new ‘Nightingale Courts’ in Winchester and Liverpool will begin hearing cases this week as part of a government move to tackle the impact of coronavirus on the justice system... Located temporarily at the Winchester Guildhall and St George’s Hall in Liverpool, they will free up jury rooms in nearby crown courts – allowing more cases to be heard and delivering quicker justice for victims.
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Crime QRH (Quick Reference Handbook) - Recently Updated
Recent updates: statutory alternative offences have been added
Crime QRH is an easy to use guide to criminal offences in England and Wales for use by criminal lawyers and court advocates. It's a searchable database of offences, providing quick access to key details:
- maximum sentence
- class of offence (including grave crimes)
- sentencing guidelines
- statutory provision
- statutory alternative offences
- page references to Archbold and Blackstones
- mandatory minimum sentences
- dangerousness provisions
- obligatory/discretionary driving disqualifications and endorsements
- availability of SHPOs, SCPOs, Unduly Lenient Sentence referrals, SOA Notification Requirements, and POCA